【专题 GMAT逻辑题】
Maize contains the vitaminniacin, but not in a form the body can absorb. Pellagra is a disease thatresults from niacin deficiency. When maize was introduced into southern Europefrom the America in the eighteenth century, it quickly became a dietary staple,and many Europeans who came to subsist primarily on maize developed pellagra.Pellagra was virtually unknown at that time in Americas, however, even among peoplewho subsisted primarily on maize.
Whichof the following, if true, most helps to explain the contrasting incidence ofpellagra described above?
(A)Once introduced into southern Europe, maize became popular with landownersbecause of its high yields relative to other cereal crops.
(B)Maize grown in the Americas contained more niacin than maize grown in Europedid.
(C)Traditional ways of preparing maize in the Americas convert maize’s niacin intoa nutritionally useful form.
(D)In southern Europe many of the people who consumed maize also ate niacin-richfoods.
(E) Before the discovery of pellagra’slink with niacin, it was widely believed that the disease was an infection thatcould be transmitted from person to person.
世界末日期间,一群人被丧尸追赶,他们中有A特警,带了a1和a2两个学徒,B特警,带了b1和b2两个学徒,神秘人士C,带了一只神秘怪兽。现在他们被逼到了一条河上,河上有一艘汽艇,但是一次只能做2个人。
现在问题来了:
1.只有A,B,C会开汽艇
2.A和B有过节,一有机会就会杀对方的学徒(A不在,B就会杀掉a1,a2。同理,对B一样)
3.C不在,神秘怪兽会发狂,通杀全部。
现在怎么让大家都安全渡过河?
一项研究发现,生活贫困能够导致人们的某种基因发生变化,这种基因能够增强负责应对恐慌的大脑区域活动,比如杏仁核的活动增加会导致患上抑郁症的风险增加。同时,较低的社会经济状况与低水平的血清素之间也存在关联,进而增加抑郁症的患病风险。研究员还发现,这种基因变化也会传递给后代。
根据上述研究,可以得知( )
路径依赖(Path-Dependence)的特定含义是指人类社会中的技术演进或制度变迁均有类似于物理学中的惯性,即一旦进入某一路径(无论是“好”还是“坏”)就可能对这种路径产生依赖。一旦人们做了某种选择,就好比走上了一条不归之路,惯性的力量会使这一选择不断自我强化,并让你轻易走不出去。
下列哪些属于“路径依赖”的典型实例?
①QWERTY键盘布局无助于提高英文打字速度,但人们已经习惯,所以难以改变
②铁路的标准轨距是1435mm,即使该标准会制约现代科技发展如飞行器的设计,但因成本过高难以改变
③由于历史遗留,C语言没有数组下标越界检查,即使后来发现有缺陷,也不再增加此功能
④为快速识别长串数字,发明了“千位分隔符”,即使其与部分国家的读数习惯不同,但因成为国际标准,难以改变
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