【專題 GMAT邏輯題】
Maize contains the vitaminniacin, but not in a form the body can absorb. Pellagra is a disease thatresults from niacin deficiency. When maize was introduced into southern Europefrom the America in the eighteenth century, it quickly became a dietary staple,and many Europeans who came to subsist primarily on maize developed pellagra.Pellagra was virtually unknown at that time in Americas, however, even among peoplewho subsisted primarily on maize.
Whichof the following, if true, most helps to explain the contrasting incidence ofpellagra described above?
(A)Once introduced into southern Europe, maize became popular with landownersbecause of its high yields relative to other cereal crops.
(B)Maize grown in the Americas contained more niacin than maize grown in Europedid.
(C)Traditional ways of preparing maize in the Americas convert maize』s niacin intoa nutritionally useful form.
(D)In southern Europe many of the people who consumed maize also ate niacin-richfoods.
(E) Before the discovery of pellagra』slink with niacin, it was widely believed that the disease was an infection thatcould be transmitted from person to person.
世界末日期間,一群人被喪屍追趕,他們中有A特警,帶了a1和a2兩個學徒,B特警,帶了b1和b2兩個學徒,神秘人士C,帶了一隻神秘怪獸。現在他們被逼到了一條河上,河上有一艘汽艇,但是一次只能做2個人。
現在問題來了:
1.只有A,B,C會開汽艇
2.A和B有過節,一有機會就會殺對方的學徒(A不在,B就會殺掉a1,a2。同理,對B一樣)
3.C不在,神秘怪獸會發狂,通殺全部。
現在怎麼讓大家都安全渡過河?
一項研究發現,生活貧困能夠導致人們的某種基因發生變化,這種基因能夠增強負責應對恐慌的大腦區域活動,比如杏仁核的活動增加會導致患上抑鬱症的風險增加。同時,較低的社會經濟狀況與低水平的血清素之間也存在關聯,進而增加抑鬱症的患病風險。研究員還發現,這種基因變化也會傳遞給後代。
根據上述研究,可以得知( )
路徑依賴(Path-Dependence)的特定含義是指人類社會中的技術演進或制度變遷均有類似於物理學中的慣性,即一旦進入某一路徑(無論是「好」還是「壞」)就可能對這種路徑產生依賴。一旦人們做了某種選擇,就好比走上了一條不歸之路,慣性的力量會使這一選擇不斷自我強化,並讓你輕易走不出去。
下列哪些屬於「路徑依賴」的典型實例?
①QWERTY鍵盤布局無助於提高英文打字速度,但人們已經習慣,所以難以改變
②鐵路的標準軌距是1435mm,即使該標準會制約現代科技發展如飛行器的設計,但因成本過高難以改變
③由於歷史遺留,C語言沒有數組下標越界檢查,即使後來發現有缺陷,也不再增加此功能
④為快速識別長串數字,發明了「千位分隔符」,即使其與部分國家的讀數習慣不同,但因成為國際標準,難以改變
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